Is Forgiving Student Loan Debt A Good Idea - 1227 Words

The education correspondent for Time magazine, and undergraduate at the University of Washington, concentrating on journalism and political science, and the owner of the graduate degree at Northwestern University, specializing in new media, Kayla Webley, in her essay â€Å"Is Forgiving Student Loan Debt a Good Idea?† states Robert Applebaum’s solution for student loan debt is a â€Å"radical and wildly unfeasible solution both economically and politically. Applebaum’s proposal is to â€Å"provide a one-time bailout of student debt†¦as a way to stimulate the still-limping economy.† However, Webley counters that the solution has to have â€Å"the purported benefited and fairness of a one-time student loan bailout.† In Webley’s essay, in the sixth paragraph she mentions the average debt total of the graduate students. Students who have six-figure debts are only one percent of the overall college graduate students, Webley said, â€Å"the a verage debt total at graduation is a much more reasonable—yet still significant—$27,500.† This evidence is irrelevant to her essay topic of stating a reason why there should not be a one-time bailout of student loan. This information is not relevant to the rest of the essay because her point related to how much the student borrowed. Also, she did not provide the information where she got the statistic of as little as 1 percent. She needs to relate this claim back to her thesis. With the amount of money that is vanishing, it would not simply be back into the economyShow MoreRelatedIs Forgiving Student Loan Debt A Good Idea?1009 Words   |  5 Pagesnew media, Kayla Webley, in her essay â€Å"Is Forgiving Student Loan Debt a Good Idea?† states Robert Applebaum’s solution for student loan debt is a â€Å"radical and wildly unfeasible solution† in both economically and politically. Applebaum’s proposal is to â€Å"provide a one-time bailout of student debt†¦as a way to stimulate the still-limping economy.† However, Webley counters the solution has to have â€Å"the purported benefited and fairness of a one-time student loan bailout.† In Webley’s essay, in the sixthRead MoreIs Forgiving Student Loan Debt A Good Idea?970 Words   |  4 PagesMONEY In the article â€Å"Is forgiving student loan debt a good idea† by Kayla Webley, a writer for Time, Webley feels that from a human standpoint forgiving student debt holds some appeal (2). Kayla Webley refers to Robert Applebaum who started a petition in 2009 with a petition of nearly 670,000 signatures. The comments from persons posting the petition are quoted as â€Å"guessing this will never happen but it can’t hurt to sign on† (1). Burdened with an estimated $88,000 in debt, Applebaum’s proposal isRead MoreIs Forgiving Student Loan Debt A Good Idea?972 Words   |  4 PagesAnalysis of Is Forgiving Student Loan Debt a Good Idea Many people would love to have their student loans debt forgive but do not believe it will happen. So Kayla Webley decided to write an article about student loan forgiveness, at the time Webley wrote the article she was the education correspondent for Time magazine. Now she is currently a staff writer for the same magazine. In her article, she claims that the student loan dilemma that is facing a lot of Americans is a problem for your countryRead MoreForgiving Student Loan Debt Essay examples822 Words   |  4 Pagesamount of student loan debt have an effect on the economy? If so would forgiving student loan debt help lower the national debt or would it just increase it? According to Mary Claire Fischer, a writer for Kiplinger’s Personal Finance magazine, â€Å"two-thirds of students who receive bachelor’s degrees leave college with debt in tow† (Fischer). Among these students, the average amount owed is twenty-six thousand dollars (Fischer). There is a six month grace period after graduation to allow the student timeRead MoreStudent Loan Is A Terrible Idea1308 Words   |  6 PagesStudent loan forgiveness is a terrible idea. Sure, in an idealistic world it would be great if the country could forgive all student loan debt and thus bring relief to all students across the nation. Realistic? Not necessarily! Instead of the fairytale notion of student loan forgiveness being the answer to all the problems, America would fair better in taking the initiative in making reforms to the educational loan system that are a bit more realistic. Student loans are a massive predicament in theRead MoreEssay on Student Loan Debt Should be Forgiven1256 Words   |  6 PagesDoes the amount of student loan debt have an effect on the economy? If so would forgiving student loan debt help lower the national debt or would it just increase it? According to Mary Claire Fischer, a writer for Kiplinger’s Personal Finance magazine, â€Å"two-thirds of stu dents who receive bachelor’s degrees leave college with an average debt of twenty-six thousand dollars† (Fischer). This means that the average student debt has doubled since 2007 (Ross 24). The total student loan debt is $1.2 trillionRead MoreStudent Loan Loans Should Not Be Forgiven938 Words   |  4 Pages Should student loan borrowers be forgiven for their debt? The cumulative total of student loan borrowing has already reached $1 trillion dollars already make up more than half of what Barack Obama is pushing to cap the amount any borrower must pay back and forgive outstanding debt after 20 years, even so calling to forgive some or all of the debt that is escalating. Robert Applebaum, the Author behind the Student Loan Forgiveness Act, believes that student loan should be forgiven to highlight anRead MoreIn The Short Essay, â€Å"Is Forgiving Student Loan Debt A Good807 Words   |  4 PagesIn the short essay, â€Å"Is Forgiving Student Loan Debt a Good Idea?† by Kaya Webley, she illustrates through validations that student debt is a problem, but Applebaum’s proposal brings about political and economic problems. One of her validations is that most people can afford their student loans. She also states that only a small handful of graduates leave school with an unbeara ble student debt. Webley touches upon programs that are already in place to help pay off college debt. Another one of her validationsRead MoreShould Student Loan Debt Be Forgiven?1344 Words   |  6 Pagesï » ¿Student Loan Debt: Should We Forgive? EN1123 Most Americans would agree that higher education is important. Compared to years ago, when a high school education was acceptable in most jobs, a college degree is now required in the majority of positions. But what if you can’t afford to get a degree? What then? For many, student loans are the only way to finance one’s education. Paying out of pocket simply isn’t a reality for most, so they rely on state and national government to provide them theRead MoreStudent Loan Debt Has Become A National Problem With No Solution2311 Words   |  10 PagesIntroduction: According to CNN, â€Å"Almost 19% of student loan borrowers owe more than $50,000.Only 6% of borrowers had that much in 2001.† (Gillispe, 1). Why has student loan debt increased so much? Student Loan debt has become a national problem with no solution. Many students are borrowing more money to keep up with the rising cost of tuition in universities, leaving themselves with thousands of debt after graduation. Students after gaining this debt, have to find jobs to support it which can come

Chalice Chapter 5 Free Essays

PART TWO The day the Circle came to her seemed a century ago now, although it was only a year. Once Nora and Spring had joined Kard’s small flock of four their milk production settled back to normal, although she heard later from Selim that it was two months before they stopped eating as much as the other four goats together. She could guess that Kard hadn’t dared complain – inheriting the goats of the new Chalice, who no longer had time for them, had to be an honour – but no small woodskeeper has much to spare, and if the new goats had gone on eating their heads off, Kard might have had trouble getting through the winter; profits from additional cheeses wouldn’t have come in time. We will write a custom essay sample on Chalice Chapter 5 or any similar topic only for you Order Now Mirasol had been distressed at this story, declared that Selim should have told her sooner – â€Å"Why didn’t Kard say something to me himself, when I go to him now for my milk?† she exclaimed, even knowing what the answer was. But Selim smiled one of her new, uncomfortable smiles, said that Kard was very pleased with his new goats which were now both in kid, that probably she shouldn’t have told Mirasol at all except that this was a story that had a happy ending and she thought†¦and then her eyes slid away from Mirasol’s and she hadn’t finished what she had been going to say. Then the new Master had returned but there was no happy ending for the demesne. Or perhaps for the new Chalice. Selim was the only one of Mirasol’s old acquaintances who made an effort to remain in contact, to be welcoming when the Chalice managed to snatch an hour away from her responsibilities. And Mirasol had lost her woodright after all: she had known that she could keep neither it nor her goats once she was Chalice, and so she gave them up because she had to. The woodright had been divided among the three other rights it bordered on; Selim was one of the beneficiaries and claimed, with a believable manifestation of sincerity, that the extra work was worth the extra result. But Mirasol had dared try to wield some of the power of the Chalice to keep her cottage, and her bees. She had declared her preference in a meeting with the rest of the Circle – declared it officially after having borne a series of unofficial attempts to persuade her to move into the House – and had worn her most gorgeous robes, and used the cup of decision, to bind the meeting. It was bad enough that the meeting itself had been at the House, with its heavy, disapproving air – and while no one but the Chalice should know the proper names of the Chalice’s vessels, any Circle member who chose to pay attention would be able to predict, over time, which cup came out for which sort of occasion. She was sure the Grand Seneschal guessed by the damning look he gave her when she offered him the cup of decision, but even the Grand Seneschal would not dare refuse a cup offered him by the Chalice. The Circle drank – and Mirasol kept her cottage. And her bees. It was possible that the overwhelming presence of her bees had discouraged Landsman from deciding to reassign her woodright whole, which would have included the cottage for its new incumbent, when he came to view the situation and decide on his recommendation for its future. The bees seemed as integral a part of the scene as the cottage and the trees. Landsman had not stayed long nor said much, but he had bowed to her so resentfully when he left that she felt his decision couldn’t be against her or he would have been happier about it. And saying little could have been merely conservation of effort: the Circle had had to shout over the rumble of bees to make her hear their original news, especially since she couldn’t believe it even after her ears had taken it in. Perhaps it was her bees who kept other, more ordinary visitors away. She reminded herself that even Selim had found her bees disconcerting when there had been far fewer of them – before the Chalice had come to her. At least since she had accepted what she could do nothing about, her bees had stopped swarming, and the rivers of honey had slowed to mere streams – and you could begin to hear yourself think again, and eventually conversations no longer had to be shouted – as if by her acceptance the power of the Chalice had begun to run in the channel where it belonged. However ill suited she felt herself to contain it. She tried to think of it sometimes as she thought of her bees, something apart from her that it was her duty to tend; but it was like trying to tend the sea you were drowning in. If it was her bees that were keeping her old friends away at least this new attribute seemed to include keeping unwelcome visitors away also. The Grand Seneschal had once come to her cottage alone, to try to convince her, he said, that she would be better taking the Chalice’s quarters in the House. The underlying message was, she felt, that he wanted to keep an eye on her, and that would be easier at the House. Yes. And of the entire Circle she found him the most intimidating of all, so that at Circle meetings she had to keep reminding herself not merely that she was Chalice, but that she was also Second of the Circle. When she thought of meals taken daily either in the small House dining room, which was still large enough to seat twenty-six, with several of her fellow Circle members – either that, she supposed, or immured in her room with a tray like the Master – no. Or being walking distance from the outdoors – from grass and trees and weather and bees à ¢â‚¬â€œ instead of the other side of a single plain door: no again. It wasn’t possible. It was one of those things that she, Mirasol, within the Chalice, could not do. She was aware also that none of the Circle, most especially the Grand Seneschal, wanted to believe that the particular vessel of her Chalicehood really was honey, and she was not pretending something so ridiculous (and unheard of ) from perversity – the personal perversity of wanting to keep her cottage and her bees. She wondered which was the chicken and which the egg: did the Circle wish her to be an ordinary Chalice so that they felt justified in trying to bully her into moving to the House, or did they hope she might yet become a proper Chalice if she gave up her bees – by moving to the House? But her bees had promptly stung the Grand Seneschal – twice – and he’d left in some confusion. She’d chased after him with salve for the throb and the swelling. She hadn’t stopped him leaving for a fear a third bee would sacrifice herself to drive the interloper away. But since she needed the stingbalm so rarely herself, and since her bees were usually very well behaved (no matter how uneasy about them the visitor was), it had taken her a little while to locate it. She’d insisted (panting from having run after him) that she put it on at once – although in hindsight she was surprised he’d allowed her to insist. He had one sting on one hand and the other on the opposite wrist. As he stood there with his hands held out they could both see the swellings subside, and he admitted (with a curious edge in his voice that might have been surprise, or indignation that he’d needed the healing, or that the healing had come from her) that the pain had stopped immediately. She went home again slowly, hoping that he wouldn’t decide to order her to get rid of her bees. He couldn’t, in theory, order the Chalice to do anything, but in practise the Grand Seneschal could do just as he liked, and often did. He could certainly contrive to overturn the Landsman’s decision to let her stay where she was. She took a big pot of her most popular honey to the Grand Seneschal the next time she went to the House, as an apology. It seemed to have worked. If anything – and she found it difficult to believe that the Grand Seneschal would have deliberately done her any service – it had benefited her, for she suddenly had more orders for honey from the Housemen and-women, almost as if some permission – even encouragement – had been given. And although the honey yield had subsided since the first flood after the death of the old Chalice, she continued to have more than she could sell to her usual buyers in and out of the House, so this was very useful – especially when the Circle members who had once been her customers dropped away. Only the Weatheraugur and the Talisman still bought honey from her. The Talisman, she knew, used it in some of the tokens she made for her Circle work; the Weatheraugur merely liked it on her bread. One day the new Clearseer bought a pot of her honey, and when he came back a month later for a second pot he said he was using it in his scrying. â€Å"I didn’t know honey was ever used for scrying,† she said tentatively. â€Å"It isn’t,† he said. â€Å"But it is customary to use water if your Chalice is a water Chalice, and a little wine if she is a wine Chalice. At the moment everything looks unnaturally golden and wonderful – which is no bad thing, but perhaps not practical – but I still have hopes of creating a tradition.† He smiled at her: hopefully? Beseechingly? She smiled back, and sold him a pot of her palest, clearest honey. And Mirasol was glad of the money. She was going through quantities of paper taking notes and paper was expensive. (Sometimes she wondered why she found her increasing stacks of notes and notebooks such a solace, when the more of them there were the harder it was to find the annotation she was looking for.) Occasionally she’d been offered old manuscripts of Chalice records. She guessed they were black market, but she had no one to ask, or no one she was willing to ask (it was the sort of thing the Grand Seneschal would know how to find out), and she so longed to know everything. She’d once bought a particularly old mouldering one, because of its superlative oldness and moulderingness, and it had taken every penny she had. It had perhaps been worth it: it had been where she’d read of the one occasion when a Master had been put to death for harming his Chalice, which meant that she held the copy of that dangerous story, and not someone else. On the other hand it ha d rather put her off buying any more, because she felt a bit cautious about what else she might learn that she’d be glad to be spared. She wondered where the Master had learnt that story; if another telling of it might be on some shelf in the library she had not come to yet. She doubted she could ask him, nor say: hide it, or I will. And her bees kept making honey, and her buyers kept coming back for more (even if they looked around uneasily and tended to walk rather quickly back down the path from her cottage), and her tiny money pot had refilled by the time she needed more paper. She also wondered if the Grand Seneschal had told anyone he’d been stung. She couldn’t imagine him doing so; surely it was an admission of a loss of face? Perhaps here was why she had been left alone; but the Grand Seneschal would not need to give a reason for (for example) suggesting that the Landsman turn the new Chalice off her old landright. Stop, she told herself. The important thing was that he hadn’t. The Grand Seneschal could no more order the Landsman to do something than he could order the Chalice, or any other member of the Circle doing their bloodright business; but it was a rare person who was brave, stubborn or desperate enough to resist his suggestion. Drily she thought, It has cost me sorely to be that rare person. Her bees often landed on her – not just one or two or several any more, but dozens. When she came to take the honey away and replace the bowls and grass mats with new ones she had the extremely odd sensation that they were trying to help her. â€Å"Well, if you ate all this, you’d be too fat to fly,† she said to them. She moved slowly so as not to startle them, but she no longer bothered to use smoke first to make them sleepy. This was foolish, but then harvesting honey by cutting a hole in a hive and putting a bowl under it was foolish too. Perhaps the reason her honey was so popular now was that it was so clear and clean; even sieved ordinary honey was never immaculate. But the honey still flowed – clear and clean and shining, in all the shades of golden from palest primrose to darkest amber – and her bees never stung her. She worried about the combless honey, however, worried about how her bees were feeding themselves, till eventually she pulled the back off one of her mother’s old pottery hives, the way she had done when she harvested honey by the usual method, and found the back full of normal sealed-up honeycomb; so she put the pottery plug back in, and daubed it round with mud and clay again to make it secure, and tried to stop worrying. She had noticed that three of the hives near the cottage produced no honey through the ridiculous holes in their bottoms, although she saw bees flying in and out of them apparently no differently than they flew in and out of all the other hives, and for a while she left them alone, thinking only that those bees had retained their normal bee sense and good for them. But eventually her curiosity got the better of her – why those particular hives, so close, as they were, to her cottage – and she pried the back off one of them too and discoveredâ € ¦rows and ropes and webs and columns of empty beeswax. She was initially shocked – there was something terribly wrong with these bees, and what was it, and would the rest of her bees catch it, and would they all die, and what were these bees living on?†¦And then the panic subsided and she felt so lightheaded she had to sit down, and when she sat down she began to laugh. Guessing what she would find this time, she got out her comb knife, and began to cut out just enough of the clean comb to let her see through to the front and yes, as if in reverse to the honey-river hives, there were the tidy rows of full honeycomb. So she had beeswax candles to sell again too. Her mother had made beautiful ones, but the Chalice didn’t have time. But she made them, and put a little honey in them too – a little of the honey Chalice’s honey – and sold them. Beeswax candles were even more valuable than honey. She had always been aware of the influence of the seasons on her bees’ honey, but in the year since she had become Chalice she had begun to realise that the individual hives’ honey had qualities which seemed to remain constant through the different seasons of nectar-producing flowers. She’d always tasted her honeycomb as she divided it up, so the different flavours – and colours and textures – over the year as different plants came into flower were familiar to her, as was the fact that these differences were quite marked enough for marked preferences, so for example the honey she liked best on bread was spring honey, and the honey she wanted with a winter stew was the last rich almost chestnut-coloured honey of the autumn. It had also seemed to her for some years that different families of bees seemed to specialise in different flowers, and in different flying ranges to look for their preferred flowers, and that this tendency too had grown more pronounced this year. All honey was good for wounds and burns, but there was a lengthy folklore of specific honeys which declared, for example, that oak honey was the most nourishing for invalids and lavender honey was an appropriate gift from a lover to his or her beloved – and the honey from Willowlands’ willows was for wisdom and decision-making. (She used a lot of this in her Chalice mixtures and wondered sardonically how much worse the Circle’s relationship might be if she didn’t.) It was this honey she had put in the Master’s welcome cup. But this year the difference in taste and other qualities of the Chalice’s bees’ honey seemed much more extensive and distinct. The majority of her honey was still just honey (although to a beekeeper honey is never just honey), so that when someone wished to buy some she didn’t concern herself about what else she was selling besides golden sweetness. But she began to taste what came out of her bowls more attentively and discovered that there was the honey that made her feel sleepy and the honey that made her feel full of energy. There was honey that cured headaches – she’d tasted it the first time when she had a headache, which had snapped off like a branch breaking, which inspired her to taste it again the next time she had a headache and it had had the same effect. But more and more she had somehow felt what a honey was good for as she bottled and labelled it; and as she grew accustomed to the discipline of – she called it listening, as she thought of listening to the earthlines – to the honey, she often heard quite complex things. There was a honey for stomach-aches and a honey for baldness; the stomach-ache honey was also good for bed-wetting and night terrors in children, and the honey for baldness was also good for too-heavy bleeding during a woman’s monthly and for persuading a broody chicken to stop plucking her breast feathers out and get back to laying eggs. (This particular combination made her laugh.) And there was a honey that was particularly good for burns and wounds. There was also a honey to stop a well going dry, to stop a dog barking and to make fruit trees crop more heavily; and one that seemed to be to make the weather hold long enough to get the hay cut, dried and stacked. She stood looking at the last o f these and wondered how it was supposed to be applied: did the farmer eat it, or put it in a bowl by the threshold of his house or his barn, or drop it in the corners of his hayfields, or did the scythesmen rub it on their scythes? The next time a farmer’s wife bought honey from her, should she send her home with the haymaking honey? And all of them tasted glorious on bread. Still her mind kept reverting to the fact that her honey, which had never before failed her, had been able to do nothing for the burn the Master’s touch had caused. She tried to tell herself that that had happened before she’d discovered there was a honey that was particularly good for burns. But she found herself doubting that it would have succeeded either. Maybe she had not yet discovered which honey was best to counteract a Fire-priest’s touch? She thought of this when she remembered their conversation: that he himself had said he was no longer human. Was there a honey that could cure that? She was thinking about the Master again one afternoon when she noticed the hum of her bees changing its note. It was a warm sunny day, so she was outdoors, with her books and papers scattered over the old stone chairs. She’d absorbed without really identifying the information that, since she had become a honey Chalice, the bees’ note changed not only when they were angry or frightened but when they were making some kind of comment†¦. She resisted thinking that they were telling her something, but perhaps they were telling themselves something. She hadn’t yet figured out (or perhaps let herself figure out) if different notes meant different things. In this case she looked up and saw the Master coming toward her. She stared at him blankly for a moment, believing he must be a mirage of her thoughts; perhaps her bees’ next trick was creating three-dimensional pictures. She blinked, but he remained the Master and did not dissolve into nothingness, or into a cloud of bees. She did not think even her bees could create the blackness of him. She jerked to her feet, for you cannot remain seated in the presence of a standing Master, even in your own front garden, and even when he arrives unexpectedly. She didn’t think the Master was supposed to come to the Chalice; he was supposed to call her to come to him. But then she should be living in the House with him, where a message sent and answered involved no more than a few corridors and a flight of stairs or two. She looked behind for the cart and driver which must have brought him, for she knew he could not walk so far, and saw a face she knew: old grey Ponty, who might have retired years ago, except he went on being sound and healthy and happy to see his tack appear – and as steady a pony as had ever carried a rider. He gave dogcart rides on feast-days to children who were fascinated by a smaller, quicker, more graceful version of the big farm horses most of them knew best. He looked fat and sleek and untroubled as he browsed the edge of her little clearing for savoury grasses. As she looked at him he raised his head and took a step forward into the sunlight as if appreciating the warmth, or as if to say to her: â€Å"All is well.† She couldn’t see his eyes through his thick forelock, but his ears, themselves barely visible, were pointed straight at her. â€Å"Ponty,† she said stupidly. â€Å"Most horses prefer to avoid me,† said the Master. â€Å"Ponty came straight up to me and asked for apples, which I have been careful to provide since then. He is also the image of his mother, who taught me to ride.† A memory she had no idea she had rose in her mind’s eye: she was a very little girl going to the House with her mother – possibly for the first time, which was why it came to her so clearly. Her mother was carrying the pack Mirasol still used for transporting honey; when it was full of jars, you walked slowly enough for even quite a little girl to keep up with you, if she was a good walker, and Mirasol was, because her father often took her with him when he tended his trees. As they reached the drive from the forest track two older boys on horseback came trotting round the far side of the House and turned toward them. Mirasol and her mother had already turned toward the back of the House but Mirasol had wanted to stop and watch; she liked horses, and knew the names of the work-horses and occasional riding pony whom she saw when she was out with her father. These two were from the House stables, and the one in the lead was very beautiful, although it threw its forelegs out in a nervous way. The boy on it suddenly gave it its head, and it shot forward, the boy easy and graceful in the saddle. It galloped past them, and Mirasol noticed that the boy was beautiful too. They made a splendid picture; but there was something in the way he ignored them that, young as she was, she did not like. It was not arrogance, but a kind of deliberate performance: he knew the effect they made and gloried in it. She turned her attention to the other boy. He was younger, and the horse he rode was only a pony. He followed the first boy, but remained trotting, and as he passed them he smiled and nodded, neatly but unshowi ly balancing the gesture against the motion of the trotting horse. He was ordinary-looking but he also looked – nice, Mirasol thought, a little wistfully; she missed having other children to play with. He was older than she, and he was from the House, but for a moment she had felt they might have been friends. Her mother had stopped and was staring after the two boys. â€Å"That’s the Master’s two sons in a nutshell,† she murmured. â€Å"Mama?† said Mirasol, but Mirasol’s mother shook her head and went on toward the House. It was that ordinary boy who stood before her now. Half in the old memory and half in the shock of the moment she stumbled into speech: â€Å"You – you might have sent for me – or – or – Someone – anyone – would have been honoured to have been asked to bring you – anywhere – â€Å" â€Å"Honoured?† he said. The sunlight fell upon his black cloak and disappeared in its folds. A small breeze stirred, although the cloak moved oddly in response, and as the fabric brushed against the body it concealed she was again reminded of her sense that even the shape of his body was no longer quite human. There was a brief silence, and she realised, too late again, that this was not how a Chalice, or anyone else, greeted a Master. Was it herself, her own worries and preoccupations – her own inability to fit into the skin of the role she now played – that kept making her behave so, or was it the strangeness of him? Or was it the unexpected memory of him as a boy she would have liked to have had as a friend? Breathlessly she said, â€Å"I am honoured by your presence here. You are most welcome†¦.† He’d come halfway across the meadow and had stopped, waiting, as it seemed, gravely. How to cite Chalice Chapter 5, Essay examples

Computerized Accounting in an ERP System

Question: Describe about the Enterprise Resource Planning. Answer: Introduction ERP or Enterprise Resource Planning is used for accounting, human resource and inventory control of a company. It is used to enhance the business of an enterprise by sharing the information, planning the business and making a decision of an enterprise. Previously in the 1990s, the ERP system was made by using a mainframe computer and some application software that are used in various parts of the company. In the 1990s mostly the large scale industries installed the ERP system as it was very costly and the enterprise resource planning allowed the industry to operate its various business operations efficiently. The sales of the ERP software decreased in the late 1990s; large industries found a problem in using the system and the cost was a major factor for the small scale industries (Shaul and Tauber 2013). ERP used to run on a mainframe computer the companies and it had less flexibility and greater cost the users no longer wanted to rely on the mainframe computers, with the evolution of smaller interconnected computer system the vendors of the ERP also evolved, and they focused on the small scale industries and extended their offers for the small and the large industries. Overview The Enterprise resource planning software is an attractive solution package for the small as well as the large industries. The ERP is a software service that can be used to forecast the demand of the customer, allocate the cost, track inventory, establish production schedules and analyze the key financial measures from the same system. It acts as the backbone of the company; it also works on the core business processes. The largest user of the ERP system is the banking, finance, and the insurance companies (Ahmad et al. 2015). The ERP system is used in the industry to manage the functions and activities like order entry, bills, managing the human resource, accounts payable and other different roles. The ERP has an advantage of managing the company supply from a single integrated system by using a complex software application (Leon 2014). For the small scale business enterprise a new generation of ERP software is used which is easy to use and has low implementation cost. The successfu l implementation of ERP system in an industry makes it easily manageable and provides it a clean head start for the company (Samuel and Edwards 2014). ERP helps in reducing the complexity and risks of implementation cost and have a positive effect on the development process of the enterprise. Reasons for adopting ERP software Reasons There are many reasons for choosing ERP software in a business e.g. Bizowie ERP it is an innovative cloud based ERP software, it is easy for the small and large scale business to implement the software. An ERP platform automatically accounts transactions as soon as they occur, it also manages the revenue from sales orders, account payable and bills, sales tax accumulation, commission accumulation, reports received from invoice, the cost of the sold goods, credit card chargeback, etc. The ERP records all the day to day transactions there is no need for manual entry, and the human errors can be avoided (Wan and Li 2016). The ERP software is reliable and consistent it can retrieve exact account statement and the details of the sales order and production related information. The ERP software binds the data and the process to provide a transparent view of the processes; if a previous record is fetched from the database of the ERP, it shows the detailed view of the record. The ERP software increases the productivity of a company by integrating the external system. If the employees working outside the company for the package shipment, copying data from one system to another using inefficient process can cause errors and many productive hours are loosed. There is also security issue regarding the orders that adds a barrier to the employee (Brabston and Chen 2012). The ERP allows the employees to manage the order entry, shipping, count the stock and other regular records but some of the central parts of the company are restricted to be accessed by the employee. The implementation of good ERP software in the business needs a right partner that understands the working process of the company and modifies the ERP system according to the need of the company (Tarhini et al. 2015). The ERP software also provides the flexibility to increase the operations, changing the business model and bring new geographical locations without implementing costly systems. Which Industry is the biggest user of ERP and why? ERP utilization helps various methodologies; it may contrast beginning with person acquaintanceship that point onto those following relying upon the capacities and the necessities of the companionship. Execution methods incorporate; the finish usage, pilot usage, arranged utilization. The bank uses a procedure which best suits its business needs and operations since the keeping cash frameworks aggravate use of the respectable amount for modules of ERP. In this way, it needs to quest to a system that will wrap the benefits of the business activities. Acquaintanceship might save expense, minimize the time taken to complete a business procedure, energize regular attempting furthermore first heading (Katerattanakul et al. 2014). Be that likewise, it has a couple of possessions that have a chance to be designated. The pilot utilization approach incorporates executing the finish ERP schema toward a picked site, extension alternately zone of an acquaintanceship. The legacy framework continu es attempting in the association, ensuring of the achievement of the ERP framework in the pilot site, it would be completed in the amazing extensions alternately territories of the Association, regularly using immediate finish execution approach. About 34% of the current business companies use the ERP software for their organization, and more than 59% of the current users want to improve the business thus, there is an increase in ERP implementation in the firm. The peril for schema frustration will be reduced eventually perusing pilot execution methodology since it would try regarding concerning illustration of a testing system for that ERP schema (Ahmad et al. 2015). ERP keep the progressive majority of the data protected with the significant operation. Clinched alongside organized use approach, ERP modules for secondary necessity conventionally financials, controlling, advantage oversaw economy also tasks framework are executed on one or that's only the tip of the iceberg extensions or zones from claiming an association; there is a chance in the topmost level claiming business technique re-designing the place cooperation alter benefits of the firm methodology on ERP schema as restricted to adjusting that ERP framework to copy an unmistakable benefits of the enterprise methodology. On the drawback; the possibility issues with arranged execution approach incorporates, Lesquerella regulate control when contrasted with far reaching methodologies. The majority masters recognize the over issues, several need scrutinized its essential concentrates that period of the targets of the ERP user need aid finished. Sarbanes-Oxley-Act Explain the reason for the act and briefly implication About a decade then afterward the usage of the Sarbanes-Oxley demonstration (SOX) during publicly exchanged US-based companies, those verdicts may be even now out once it or not those theories need to be needed a material effect on fraud, breakdown in inward controls, Furthermore different issues that that regulation is expected on location (Stephen and De Jong 2012). Regardless, SOX will be an actuality that affects some associations done large portions ways, including how they execute their endeavour requisitions (Sarbanes-Oxley, 2012). Considerably over cases the place an organization will be not needed with be SOX compliant, there are other regulations also inward controls that ERP frameworks compelling reason should be location. The bill, which holds eleven segments, might have been endorsed regarding illustration, a light of various real corporate and accounting embarrassments, including Enron as well Worldcom (Abdioglu et al. 2015). The segments of the bill spread commitments from claiming an open association's Directorate incorporates criminal disciplines for a certain offense, and needed those Securities Furthermore trade requisition will settle on controls on portraying how public organizations would with comply with that law. How does MYSAP ERP meet these implications? Legitimately actualizing an R/3 framework would be a lengthy process and would cost more. Large-scale, confounded ERP frameworks could frequently make twelve to eighteen months to a chance to be introduced and operating. Any necessary expenses for consultants to change needs alternately redo the structure at a high price, for rates in around $150 will $225 for every. SAP AG offers a specialist training project that prepares people to execute and introduce every version of their ERP frameworks with the assistance to build the supply of required qualified programmers. Those noteworthy cost from claiming procuring acts more effectively actualizing an ERP framework demonstrate that it if be. Profits of enhanced information are transforming. Actualizing those sap programming will often include business methodology. Re-engineering. This will be on SAP's R/3 ERP bundle may be composed perusing the benefits of the business techniques from claiming financial, humanity's resources, supply chain management, and showcasing. Restricted to customary practical regions, for example, such that production, sales, bookkeeping etc. (Hailu and Rahman 2012). This abandons an organization desiring should actualize all the sap R/3 for an essential option: whichever revamped itself with consent with the segments of the software, alternately change. The programming with go along with the present association of the organization. The structure for the R/3 bundle will be amazingly mind boggling and not especially flexible, in this way a noteworthy test for evolving those programming may be that it will incline adversely influence execution. Over those whole framework whether not carried out appropriately. It is significant on seeing that SAP R/ 3 might have been not fundamentally created for requisition by each particular organization. Rather, R/3 might have been intended for manufacturing organizations that need comparable benefits of the business methods. In it is insightful will contribute significant duration of the time and exert to assessing whether an R/3. ERP framework is that right for a particular agency. Success and Failure of ERP implementations and reasons Success: Banks and protection organizations need aid at a statement purpose with their maturing prohibitive frameworks. A move should be standardized modifying might tolerance them on extra time furthermore fetches to make new electronic administrations. Since the late 1990s, various era amassing associations have supplanted their select majority of the data organization to control frameworks for institutionalized, packaged programming, to the example, wander possession orchestrating (ERP) frameworks also customer relationship-administration (CRM) databases (Schniederjans et al. 2012). Those switches need to allow them with robotize indispensable benefits of the business capacitiesfor example, executing one-touch customer charging or automated store system arrangingand get tremendous expense central focuses starting with imparted administrations. Over sparing cash, protection makes that likewise it may, that usage about selective modifying frameworks may be still that standard. For associations On these areas, moves dependent upon focal point frameworks are particularly protracted and unsafeon those fact that they regularly incorporate various unpredictable, heterogeneous things decades-old its frameworks, Also they oblige data from different internal accomplices and also starting with outside gatherings, including controllers, When anything camwood change (Hoch and Dulebohn 2013). Done addition, the business segment to standard modifying things that would be specific on these business ventures will be so far climbing. A crossroads of advancement also business patterns, notwithstanding, might finally actuate security and budgetary administrations associations to make those jump, not the scarcest from claiming which will be extending customer enthusiasm for internet things furthermore administrations (Pramod et al. 2014). Associations on the whole business ventures need aid attempting different things for two-speed advancement stagesquickly making innovative webpage that is transportable provisions to the front that urge finer cooperations for customers same time keeping ahead running instroke legacy frameworks at those back to surety data security furthermore dependability. Prohibitive phases need aid demonstrating exorbitantly fearless for settling on new propelled channels or customer interfaces. Since such frameworks need aid for those a large portion, some piece constructed piecemeal furthermore altered together after a few time, they consistently can't enable the end-to-end data. In this article, we think about those result institutionalization tests through the viewpoint of the security business, and we explain on the five accomplishment variables (Aslan et al. 2015). Toward paying thought for them, wellbeing net suppliers also how might abbreviate that gathering bend, quicken recommended frameworks changes, also get the same sort out organization focuses from claiming investment that creation amassing associations need aid beginning with appreciate. Failure: The place there need aid incredible open entryway to improvement and nature creation similar to ERP execution there are similarly boundless open entryways to danger, of its foundations, skeleton overhauls, requisition upkeep, customization. The essential descriptions for ERP use disappointments over any companionship need aid virtually due to powerless various levelled menu. About 60% of the ERP skeleton execution falls even due to the needing review of the causative pro to that frustration that same amount from claiming inquires regarding spotlight once its enter advantage, central focuses as opposed to recognizing the expectation behind its disappointment following utilization (Habib 2013). Accordingly, a part of the motivation behind joined for ERP executions disappointments include: Inaccurate data. Non-analysing from claiming product for benefits of the business prerequisite. Energy for use. Whole deal store. Manner out from claiming underwriters. Unable dialog. Various investigations show that various cooperation eager to complete ERP frameworks clinched alongside cooperation make usage for off base data which tempered with those records. Subsequently, the majority of the data lapse impacts the record for information and majority of the data that if make facilitated with the ERP frameworks, in this way, may aggravate those records on a chance to be inactive (Cu Alves and Matos 2013). Similarly as significantly Likewise Attestation from claiming records on which will be consolidated. ERP schema modifying weirdo because of poor determination What's more estimation methodology of the facilitated ERP structure to the bank, Similarly as in the item watched should make not sensible for the bank benefits of the business need Also wasteful clinched alongside managing helter skelter sum from claiming item, unequipped to orchestrating unpredictable bills about materials and making for orchestrating arrangement (Appelrath and Ritter 2013). That ERP schema might have been making limitedly to the light of the dissident issue. Nonattendance about similitude between legitimate business methods and ERP skeleton could realize a non-kidding passing about reasonable alternately anticipated advantages, those magic business manifestations stream will appropriately depend on upon those joined ERP framework; eccentricity the middle of them could regulate Acquaintanceship to moderate effectiveness ultimately frustration of the ERP schema. ERP skeleton execution camwood falls even due to nonattendance about a whole lot described useful necessity, practically 60% of the ERP frameworks use that have broad prerequisite definition come up short. Inadequate about specific and portrayal for needed modules Also meaning likewise the level of perception the benefits of the business system might prompt breakdown from claiming ERP skeleton use Concerning illustration passed on toward over-dependence for uncommon customization in perspective from claiming ERP modifying imbalance, remarkable customization might have been obliged in the venture customization which prompts wander delays, using arrangement overspent Furthermore actually problematic schema. Those run through taken for the new benefits of the business methodology with pay all alone, which rarely alluded to Concerning illustration profit ahead financing (ROI) similarly impact ERP frameworks utilization achievement in the affiliation also prompts all frustration. A great additional purpose behind ERP use frustration is that overestimation from claiming level about the benefit (ROI) diverse preferences by and large due to that ERP sellers deception over that personal satisfaction preferences about their ERP skeleton modifying (Powell et al. 2013). Nonattendance for cognizance different cost, for example, preparing, testing and the majority of the data conversion takes-away the probability from claiming affiliation accomplishing the foreseen give back about the dare. The path out of underwriters is an additional issue joined for the use schema disappointments for a couple of acquaintanceships. Since ERP use to the mossy cup oak a piece happen inside those run through about one a large portion of long time roughly, though there ought to be an event of the general number organization which began those plan for those endeavour execution which might encounter amid the execution forms, essentially redirecting the execution system and prompts general schema frustration (Xu and Quaddus 2013). In this manner, their best approach crazy or progress to organization positions might be furious the accomplishment for ERP frameworks execution in the affiliation. Insufficient usage for advisors by a large portion companionship who complete the ERP frameworks whereby those gathering happens on more than one event every one through the system. The meeting ought on be Nonetheless huge numbers as Might sensibly a chance to be normal so as to stay on track with practically later information concerning those various endeavour acquaintanceships think about executing transform without real gathering starting with masted Also along these lines provoking its aggravator frustration. Conclusion ERP schema utilization turned out will a chance to be a keen possibility that displays various challenges and concern, Nonetheless morals go with it a wearisome open entryway that extension legitimate execution, to example, business joining, backing crucial arranging, renter operational expense, sway regular administration, benefits of the firm versatility What's more flexible. All in all, this proposes without a question ERP frameworks offer methodology will foremost preference of the cooperation that completes the structure, Also that those utilization dangers don't surpass those typical quality, despite the reality that there need aid instances talked around in the undertaking that the ERP ventures execution could be perilous Furthermore actually fizzled. Various cooperations needed a couple of modifying section that assumes crazy exactly ERP capacities. Nonetheless, that instroke Also joined ERP skeleton provide for A level from claiming interoperability that might have been trou blesomeness Also meanwhile unreasonably to finish with standalone What's more conventions constructed frameworks. Due to those playing point for ERP framework, various cooperations think as of it concerning illustration enter information schema build will make centered in today's benefits of the business and provide for a stronghold with future advancement notwithstanding the rate during which ERP schema come up short in exact banks may be irritating. Previously, at whatever case; with highest point organization support, heavenly organization structure, phenomenal hierarchic society whatever of the ERP skeleton use methodologies camwood make profitable and invaluable. References Abdioglu, N., Bamiatzi, V., Cavusgil, S.T., Khurshed, A. and Stathopoulos, K., 2015. Information asymmetry, disclosure and foreign institutional investment: An empirical investigation of the impact of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act.International Business Review,24(5), pp.902-915. Ahmad, S., Ibrahim, S. and Garba, S., 2015. Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) Systems in Banking Industry: Implementations Approaches, Reasons for Failures and How to Avoid Them.Journal of Computer Sciences and Applications,3(2), pp.29-32. Ahmad, S., Ibrahim, S. and Garba, S., 2015. Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) Systems in Banking Industry: Implementations Approaches, Reasons for Failures and How to Avoid Them.Journal of Computer Sciences and Applications,3(2), pp.29-32. Appelrath, H.J. and Ritter, J., 2013.SAP R/3 implementation: methods and tools. Springer Science Business Media. Aslan, B., Stevenson, M. and Hendry, L.C., 2015. The applicability and impact of Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) systems: Results from a mixed method study on Make-To-Order (MTO) companies.Computers in Industry,70, pp.127-143. Brabston, M. and Chen, F., 2012. Making Business Education Relevant: Using SAP to Support IS Education. Cu Alves, M.D. and Matos, S.I.A., 2013. ERP adoption by public and private organizationsa comparative analysis of successful implementations.Journal of Business Economics and Management,14(3), pp.500-519. Elragal, A. and Haddara, M., 2013. The Impact of ERP Partnership Formation Regulations on the Failure of ERP Implementations.Procedia Technology,9, pp.527-535. Habib, M.N., 2013. Understanding critical success and failure factors of business process reengineering.International Review of Management and Business Research,2(1), p.1. Hailu, A. and Rahman, S., 2012, June. Evaluation of key success factors influencing ERP implementation success. In2012 IEEE Eighth World Congress on Services(pp. 88-91). IEEE. Hoch, J.E. and Dulebohn, J.H., 2013. Shared leadership in enterprise resource planning and human resource management system implementation.Human Resource Management Review,23(1), pp.114-125. Katerattanakul, P., J. Lee, J. and Hong, S., 2014. Effect of business characteristics and ERP implementation on business outcomes: An exploratory study of Korean manufacturing firms.Management Research Review,37(2), pp.186-206. Leon, A., 2014.Enterprise resource planning. McGraw-Hill Education. Powell, D., Alfnes, E., Strandhagen, J.O. and Dreyer, H., 2013. The concurrent application of lean production and ERP: Towards an ERP-based lean implementation process.Computers in Industry,64(3), pp.324-335. Pramod, D., Bharathi, S.V. and Raman, R., 2014. A Fuzzy Petri-Net Model for Predicting the Post-Implementation Risks of ERP in Small and Medium Enterprises.International Review on Computers and Software (IRECOS),9(11), pp.1852-1860. Samuel, F.W. and Edwards, A., 2014. Joint Effect of Organizational Identity and Trust on ERP Implementation Success: A Longitudinal Case Study. Sarbanes-Oxley, A.G.T., 2012. Sarbanes-Oxley Act.Via www. soxlaw. com o p,26. Schniederjans, M.J., Cao, Q. and Ching Gu, V., 2012. An operations management perspective on adopting customer-relations management (CRM) software.International Journal of Production Research,50(14), pp.3974-3987. Shaul, L. and Tauber, D., 2013. Critical success factors in enterprise resource planning systems: Review of the last decade.ACM Computing Surveys (CSUR),45(4), p.55. Stephen, S.A.K. and Apilado, V.P., 2013. The Sarbanes-Oxley Act, Security Analyst Monitoring Activity, and Firm Value.The Journal of Applied Business and Economics,14(1), p.86. Stephen, S.A.K. and De Jong, P.J., 2012. The Impact of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (SOX) on the Cost of Equity Capital of SP Firms.Journal of Applied Business and Economics,13(2), pp.102-115. Tarhini, A., Ammar, H. and Tarhini, T., 2015. Analysis of the critical success factors for enterprise resource planning implementation from stakeholders perspective: A systematic review.International Business Research,8(4), p.25. Wan, J.G. and Li, T.L., 2016, January. An applicable approach for performance auditing in ERP. InMATEC Web of Conferences(Vol. 44). EDP Sciences. Xu, J. and Quaddus, M., 2013. Using information systems for enhancing internal operation: enterprise resource planning systems. InManaging Information Systems(pp. 109-119). Atlantis Press.

Juveniles And The Death Penalty Essays (1498 words) -

Juveniles And The Death Penalty Children Doing Crimes That End up In The Chamber It was a warm summer evening in a small town in the state of Missouri. John Freshman, a white male gang member fourteen years of age, drives down a street that he knows his rival gang members are usually standing along. John pulls his 9 MM. automatic pistol out from underneath his seat and points it at the group of rival gang members. John opens fire and unloads his weapon at anybody standing along the street. As John pulls away from the area, he almost gets into an accident with a parked vehicle and drops his weapon. When John regains control of the vehicle he shouts blood killer coming down the road. When the ambulance and police arrive, they find five people dead two children and one grand mother in the house, and two gang members in the street dead. The police find the weapon and test for fingerprints. They come back to John Freshman AKA Lone G. John has been in juvenile hall nine times and has been on probation or in custody for the past five years. John is sentenced to life in prison without the possibility of parole. The previous statement is not real but it portrays the life of our country. This statement can be read and seen all over the country in newspapers and watched on the five oclock news. Was Johns sentencing appropriate? Should have John been sentenced to the death penalty? Is John old enough to be put to death? This paper will try to answer these questions. Terms Juvenile - A young Person, one below the legally established age of adulthood. A person under the age of eighteen when the crime was committed. Death Penalty- Capital punishment, sentenced to death. What age is too young for the death penalty? A better question is what age is it too young to die for the murder of another human person. In the United States, the Supreme Court ruled that juvenile under the age of sixteen should not be sentenced to death because they are too young. This was upheld in the case of Thompson V. Oklahoma (487 U.S. 815,1988). Since juveniles are beginning to get more violent in their acts, should the age be lowered? For instance, the previous scenario states that it was a fourteen year old doing the crime. What if it was a twelve year old? When does a juvenile have to pay fully for the crime he or she committed? If you look at the juvenile criminal statistics today and compare them to twenty years ago, we see a dramatic decrease in violent crime and increase use of death penalty sentences. For example, Proffessor Victor Strieb From Claude W. Petit College of Law (Death Penalty for Juveniles) stated juveniles are one to two percent of all people on death r ow in the United States, although they commit more than fifty percent of all the murders in the United States. As we look at the history of juveniles sentenced to death, we see that the rate has been steady and has fluctuated by little more than five percent. The History of the death penalty for juveniles began around 1642 with the execution of Thomas Graunger. Thomas Graunger was executed in Plymouth Colony Massachusetts for a crime he committed when he was sixteen years old. He became the first recorded juvenile in what was to become the United States to be executed for an offense committed under the age of eighteen. There were 343 executions of juveniles before the Supreme Court repelled the death penalty. There have been 13 executions of convicted juveniles since the beginning of the new era. Just like adults, the state of Texas is the leader of juvenile executed with seven. There has been seven Caucasians, five African Americans and one Latino executed. Twelve of those executed were seventeen when they did the crime. (Strieb, Juveniles on death row) Before June 30, 1988, thirty people were on death row for crimes committed while under the age of eighteen. As of June 1999, there are seventy people on death row for crimes they committe d when they were juveniles. About one in fifty

The History of Saran Wrap

The History of Saran Wrap Saran resins and films, often called polyvinylidene chloride or PVDC, have been used to wrap products for more than 50 years. Saran  works by polymerizing vinylide chloride with monomers such as acrylic esters and unsaturated carboxyl groups to form long chains of vinylide chloride. The copolymerization results in a film with molecules bound so tightly together that very little gas or water can get through. The result is an effective barrier against oxygen, moisture, chemicals and heat that protects food, consumer products and industrial products. PVDC is resistant to oxygen, water, acids, bases and solvents.  Similar brands of plastic wrap, such as Glad and Reynolds, do not contain PVDC. Saran  might be the first plastic wrap designed specifically for food products, but cellophane was the first material  used to wrap just about everything else. A Swiss chemist, Jacques Brandenberger, first conceived of cellophane in 1911. It didn’t do much to preserve and protect food, however. The Discovery of SaranWrap Dow Chemical lab worker Ralph Wiley  accidentally discovered polyvinylidene chloride in 1933. Wiley was a college student who at the time cleaned glassware in a Dow Chemical lab when he  came across a vial he couldnt scrub clean. He called the substance coating the vial eonite, naming it after an indestructible material in the Little Orphan Annie comic strip.   Dow researchers remade Ralphs eonite into a greasy, dark green film and renamed it Saran. The military sprayed it on fighter planes to guard against salty sea spray  and carmakers used it on  upholstery. Dow later got rid of Sarans green color and unpleasant odor. Saran resins can be used for molding and they melt adhesive bonding in non-food contact. In combination with polyolefins, polystyrene and other polymers, Saran can be coextruded into multilayer sheets, films and tubes. From Planes and Cars to Food Saran  Wrap was approved for food packaging after World War II and was prior-sanctioned by the Society of the Plastics Industry in 1956. PVDC is cleared for use as a food contact surface as a base polymer in food package gaskets, in direct contact with dry foods and for paperboard coating in contact with fatty and aqueous foods. It’s capable of capturing and containing aromas and vapors. When you place a Saran-wrapped peeled onion next to a slice of bread in your refrigerator, the bread will not pick up the taste or odor of the onion. The onion’s flavor and odor are trapped inside the wrap.   Saran  resins for food contact can be extruded, coextruded or coated by a processor to meet specific packaging needs. About 85 percent of PVDC is used as a thin layer between cellophane, paper and plastic packaging to improve barrier performance. SaranWrap Today The Saran  films introduced by the Dow Chemical Company are best known as Saran Wrap. In 1949, it became the first cling wrap designed for commercial use. It was sold for household use in 1953. SC Johnson acquired Saran  from Dow in 1998. SC Johnson had some concerns about the safety of PVDC and subsequently took steps to eliminate it from Sarans composition. The popularity of the product, as well as sales, suffered as a result. If you’ve noticed recently that Saran isnt much different than Glad or Reynolds products, that’s why.

Goal Setting Exercises to Help Dreams Become Reality

Goal Setting Exercises to Help Dreams Become Reality Goal setting is a topic that transcends the traditional curriculum. It is a key life skill that if learned and used daily can truly make a difference in your students lives. Goal setting materials are abundant, yet many students fail to receive adequate instruction in goal setting for two reasons. First, most teachers cannot afford to neglect their subject matter for several weeks, and second, purchasing textbooks with the intention of using only a single chapter on goal setting is hardly a justifiable use of limited educational funds.   Many teens need be taught to dream for themselves, for, if they are not, they are apt to accept goals foisted upon them by adults and thus miss the joy of seeing personal dreams fulfilled. Introducing Goal Setting Since visualizing the future is often difficult for teens, it is helpful to begin the unit with daydreaming. To integrate goal writing into your course, introduce the unit with material related to your content that refers to dreams or goals. This might be a poem, a story, a biographical sketch or a news article. Be sure to distinguish between dreams as sleep experiences and dreams as aspirations. Defining Goal Areas Explain to your students that it is easier to think about our lives in categories than it is to think of all aspects at once. Then ask them how they might categorize the various aspects of their lives. If they have difficulty getting started, prod them by asking them to list people and activities that are important to them and to see if they fit them into from five to eight categories. It is more important that students devise their own categories than that they create perfect classification systems. Allowing them to share ideas will help students realize that a variety of categorization schemes would work. Sample Life Categories Mental Families Physical Friends Spiritual Hobbies Sports School Dating Jobs Finding Meaning in Daydreams Once students are satisfied with their categories, ask them to select one that they would like to focus on first. (The length of this unit can easily be adjusted by the number of categories you guide students through. Care should be taken, however, that students dont work on too many categories at once.) Distribute goal dreaming worksheets. Explain to students that their goals must be only for themselves; they cannot set a goal that involves anyones behavior but their own. They are, however, to spend at least five minutes daydreaming about themselves related to this category, imagining themselves in the most wonderful ways - successful, glorious, and as perfect as imaginable. A three to five minute period of silence may be helpful for this activity. Next, ask students to describe how they imagined themselves in this daydream on the goal dreaming worksheet. Although this writing could alternatively be assigned as a journal entry, keeping this sheet with later, related goal activities may be more helpful. Students should repeat the process with one or two additional life categories. Students should then determine what part of their dream seems to call to them. They should complete, the sentences, The part of this daydream that most appeals to me is __________ because__________. Encourage students to explore their feelings fully, writing as much detail as possible because they may use some of these ideas later when they write their personal goals. When two or three goal dreaming sheets are complete, students should select the category they want to write goals for first. Getting Real The next step is to help students identify a desire from which to form a goal. To do this, they should look at the reasons certain aspects of their daydreams appeal to them as well as the daydreams themselves. For example, if a student dreamed of being a lifeguard, and decided it appealed to him because he would work outdoors, working outdoors may be more important to him than actually being a lifeguard. Thus, students should spend some time reflecting on what seems truly important. It may help to have students highlight ideas that seem really important.Then they should also examine which aspects of their daydreams seem far fetched and which seem within the realm of possibility. While it is popular wisdom that we should teach youth that they can achieve anything if they want it badly enough, badly enough is rarely translated by teens into years of dedicated work and dogged determination. Instead, youth interpret this popular wisdom as meaning that if their desire is strong enough, mi nimal effort will is all that is needed. Thus, when we present as role models, individuals who achieve unexpected accomplishments such as Christopher Reeves directing movies after nearly complete paralysis, we should always describe the grueling work that came between the goal and its fulfillment. Directing the Dream without Damaging the Dreamer Another problem created by people espousing you can do anything is the tendency to ignore the requirement for superior intelligence, which cannot be created by will power or diligence. Tackle this issue delicately so as not to discourage students from having dreams while keeping in mind that if you encourage students to set goals they have little chance of meeting you deprive them of the joys of achieving personal goals. You can help students make realistic self-assessments without hurting their feelings if you point out that people are happiest when they work and play in areas of their interests and relative strengths. Discuss the concept of multiple intelligences, letting students read the short descriptions of each type of intelligence, marking those they think are their areas of strength. This allows students with low intellectual ability to focus on an area of potential success without having to announce he is incapable of being something requiring superior intelligence. If you have time and resources for personality and interest inventories, these should be given at this time point in the unit.   Remember, although most of us would love to teach a unit on goal setting that includes a variety of assessments, career exploration, goal writing, scheduling, and self-reinforcement is ideal, most of us also have packed curriculums. Nevertheless, if students spend a few hours practicing goal writing in many different classes together, perhaps, we can teach students how to make their dreams come true. Once students have summarized results of various assessments  on a summary sheet or have simply decided which is their area of strength on a list of multiple intelligences, and they have chosen one of the goals they want to work on first, they are ready to learn to write a specific, personal goal. General goals are just the first step in making dreams come true. Once students have established general goals and have identified what appeals to them, they should be taught to write specific goals the way winners do. Suggestions for Teaching Students to Write Specific Goals Students will have to be coaxed to state their goals positively and are likely to argue that they cant say they will accomplish a particular goal because they are not sure that they can. Tell them that, despite their reservations, it is essential that they use the words, I will... since the wording will affect their belief in their ability to meet the goal. Be insistent on this, even to the point of saying they will not get credit for the assignment unless they follow your directions.At first, some students will have difficulty translating a general goal to one that is specific and measurable. Class discussion is very helpful both for learning how to be specific and seeing a variety of possible goals. Have students suggest ways that that various goal could be measured for students who are having difficulty. This might also be done in cooperative learning teams.Estimating completion dates troubles many students. Tell them just to estimate a reasonable time that it should take to accom plish their goal and to be honest with themselves about when they plan to actually begin working on it. Since estimating the completion of big goals involves completion of steps or sub-goals, have students list the steps and the length of time they estimate is needed for each. This list will be used later to make a Gantt chart. Have students hold off on beginning to work on the goal for a week to give you time to teach scheduling and reward techniques. After listing the many steps required to reach a goal, some students may decide it is too much bother. It is helpful at this point to have them write the benefits they expect to derive from completing their goal. These usually involve feelings about themselves. Be sure students are still enthusiastic about their goal. If they cant regain their original enthusiasm, have them start over with a new goal.If the goal involves various steps, creating a Gantt chart is helpful and fun for students whether they use project software or fill in a chart by hand. Some students have trouble with the concept of putting time units across the top, so be sure to walk around and check each students column headings. You may want to check your software to see if you have any project management programs since they probably can be used to make Gantt charts. The examples of Gantt charts found on the Internet are not clearly marked, so you may want to show students a simpler one done by hand or with software that makes grids such as Microsoft Word or Microsoft Excel. Better yet, if you could use a project management software since it is likely to be a strong motivator. Once students have learned to write specific goals and to schedule sub goals on a Gantt chart, they should be ready for a lesson on self-motivation and maintaining momentum. Focusing on Whats Next Once students have made goals, sub-goals and a schedule for completion, they are ready for the real work: Changing their own behavior. Since telling students that they are beginning a difficult task can be discouraging, you will have to use your professional judgment to decide when to discuss the difficulties people encounter when they attempt to develop new patterns of behavior. Helping them to see this opportunity as a challenge that successful people master may help. Focusing on people who have overcome major challenges in their lives could also lead nicely into a unit on heroes. Begin the lesson this third goal lesson by asking students to review their goal dreaming worksheet for the goal area they are working on and their goal writing worksheet. Then lead students through the steps on the worksheet Maintaining Motivation and Momentum.

Children's Communicable Diseases Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Children's Communicable Diseases - Assignment Example Most parents dread vaccinating their children because they believe that the vaccines used are not safe for their children. They strongly believe that the vaccines used cause autism as well as other neurological disorders, thus exposing their children to health risk in the future. In order to reconcile parents rights to make health decisions for their children with the states responsibility to protect its citizens, the state and federal governments should enact a law that compels parents to vaccinate all their children. The state is charged with the responsibility of making sure that all its citizens are safe. As such, federal government should make childhood vaccination a mandatory process for all children (Bradley, Bradley & Burls, 2012). The safety of children and all other citizens overrides parent’s right to make health decisions for their children, particularly when it is in the wrong way. Besides, states and federal government should promote public awareness through massive and robust public education about vaccines and the importance of vaccination. This can help dispel misguided belief that vaccines skeptics propagate through media and other social platforms. Public health professionals also argue that childhood vaccination is a life-and-death issue that needs to be made

Autism and inclusive practice Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Autism and inclusive practice - Essay Example The observation is based on a nine years and four months old child whose code name in this case, for confidentiality reasons, is RA. Child RA suffers from autism and is eligible for a personal or one-on-one support service because he needs assistance with his learning needs. The observations aims at identifying and assessing the child’s behaviour when in a group setting. During the first day of the observation process, the class teacher instructs the pupils to bring out their numeracy writing books. However, RA picks up a pencil then flicks hit and consequently hitting another child. When the teacher calls RA, he replies, â€Å"what?† The reply is rude and as the assistant, I took the initiative to ask him to apologize but he does this without maintaining eye contact with the teacher. When told to apologize in an appropriate manner, he responds properly and says, â€Å"I am sorry miss.† After the apology, RA sits down and a fellow pupil volunteers to give him a numeracy book but he snatches it without eye contact. Upon pointing out the unruly behaviour, RA apologizes. After sitting for a while, RA gets up from his table and when asked what he wants, he says he would like to work in a group with other pupils. The class teacher grants his request by placing him in one of the groups and he promises to work hard while respecting the other members. He then seems contented with the group.

Managing Cultural Diversity Essay Example for Free

Managing Cultural Diversity Essay The following paper brie y debates the rhetoric of managing diversity and considers whether managing diversity is a distinct approach to managing people or a means of diluting equal opportunities in UK organizations. With respect to the realities of the concepts in UK organizations, empirical data from a survey of sixty UK human resource professionals and general line managers is presented. We pose a number of cautionary questions, including what does it matter and to whom? By doing so we intend to encourage further critique and challenges in respect to the concept of managing diversity in organizations. Keywords: Managing diversity, equal opportunities, HRM/D, rhetoric, reality Introduction Today the workforce does not look, think, or act like any workforce of the past, nor does it hold the same values, have the same experiences, or pursue the same needs and desires (Jamieson and O’ Mara 1991). The composition of today’ s workforce has changed signi cantly in terms of age, gender, ethnicity, culture, education, disabilities, and values. Running parallel to these changes is the shift in thinking by human resource theorists and practitioners with regard to addressing equality in the workplace (Cooper and White 1995; Liff and Wacjman 1996). This shift is underpinned by the emergence of the business case argument for equal opportunities, as opposed to the persuasive debate for social justice or equal opportunities as ‘ correcting an imbalance, an injustice or a mistake’ (Thomas 1990). There is now a view that, after twenty years of the ‘ stick’ of legal compliance (which has achieved little), the ‘ carrot’ of underpinning the business case for equal opportunities will perhaps achieve more (Dickens 1994). The business case argument for equal opportunities in organizations is often termed ‘ managing or valuing diversity’ , but, as with most contemporary Human Resource Development International ISSN 1367-8868 print/ISSN 1469–8374 online  © 2000 Taylor Francis Ltd http://www. tandf. co. uk/journals 420 Peer-Reviewed Articles anagement issues, the underlying principles and interpretation of this concept are open to mass interpretation, criticism, and indeed misunderstanding. D. Miller (1996) argues that the significant widening of the meaning of equal opportunities has brought with it more complex and confusing messages for employers and practitioners. By drawing on literature and empirical data, we consider whether mana ging diversity is a distinct approach to managing people or a means of diluting equal opportunities in UK organizations and pose a number of cautionary questions, including: what does it matter and to whom? By doing so, we intend to encourage further critique and challenges in respect to the concept of managing diversity in organizations. What is managing diversity? Thomas (2000) argues that, with the growing number of mergers and acquisitions, workforce diversity will become more of a priority for organizations and, therefore, in the future, people will become clearer on what diversity is and how to manage it. As with the debates surrounding de nitions of human resource management and development (HRM/D), managing diversity as a concept means different things to different people. It can relate to the issue of national cultures inside a multinational organization (Hofstede 1984); it can relate to the further development of equal opportunities or to a distinct method of integrating different parts of an organization and/or managing people strategically. Much of the literature regarding managing diversity relates to the US experience, where the concept is particularly popular; a re ection perhaps of the more pronounced diversity of workforce composition (Cassell 1996). In a recent report 1999), a Department of Education in America described managing and valuing diversity as a key component of effective people management, arguing that it focuses on improving the performance of the organization and promotes practices that enhance the productivity of all staff. Their dimensions of diversity include gender, race, culture, age, family/carer status, religion, and disability. The de nition provided also embraces a range of individual skills, educational quali cations, work experience and background, languages, and other relevant attributes and experiences which differentiate individuals.

The Characters of For Whom the Southern Belle Tolls Essay -- For Whom

The Characters of For Whom the Southern Belle Tolls  Ã‚     Ã‚   For Whom the Southern Belle Tolls is Christopher Durang's hilarious 1994 parody of The Glass Menagerie, a 1945 play by Tennessee Williams. In both plays, the main characters must deal with several serious problems, including isolation, fear of the outside world, and the need for understanding. Whereas the characters in The Glass Menagerie handle their problems in a relatively serious manner, those in For Whom the Southern Belle Tolls take a more farcical approach. For Whom the Southern Belle Tolls offers an alternate view of the situations in The Glass Menagerie, and it comments on how the American society has changed since the 1940s. Durang's parody accomplishes its humor by developing extreme versions of the characters in The Glass Menagerie through magnification of their faults and idiosyncrasies: Laura's shyness toward the world, Amanda's lack of understanding for her children, Tom's anger with his family, and Jim's partial deafness (however minor in Williams' play). It is more difficult to sympathize with Lawrence in For Whom the Southern Belle Tolls than with Laura in The Glass Menagerie because he is so much more irritating and pathetic than his female counterpart. Laura is a young woman who suffers from extreme shyness and self-consciousness because she has a slightly malformed leg and needs to wear a leg brace; consequently, she is afraid to talk to new people and enter new situations. Laura's psychological problems are amplified in Lawrence, who fakes several ailments, including asthma, eczema, and a crippled leg. He never leaves the safety of his house, and his only friends are his glass swizzle sticks, which he gives such names as "Q-tip" (1942), "Ther... ...children's; in addition, Durang adds two homosexual characters: Tom and Ginny. This is evidence that For Whom the Belle Tolls does more than just provide a humorous approach to the situations in The Glass Menagerie: it shows how the American society and family have changed since Williams wrote his play. According to Durang, people have become more open with their personal feelings and sexuality, but they have also become more self-centered. Works Cited Durang, Christopher. For Whom the Southern Belle Tolls. Literature and Its Writers: An Introduction to Fiction, Poetry, and Drama. Eds. Ann Charters and Samuel Charters. Boston: Bedford Books, 1997. 1937-1948. Williams, Tennessee. "The Glass Menagerie." Literature and Its Writers: An Introduction to Fiction, Poetry, and Drama. Eds. Ann Charters and Samuel Charters. Boston: Bedford Books, 1997. 1704-1750.      

Ethics in Healthcare Essay

Healthcare is a diverse field with many specialties, but a commonality in all aspects is provider’s ethics. Ethics means following the standards and guidelines set by institutions as it relates to job duties, professional behavior, and patients. The decisions made by healthcare professionals, be it physicians, nurses or medical staff, affect real people and may mean the difference between life and death. The health and welfare of patients, along with the very serious aspect of treatment facilitation, requires that ethical standards be followed every step of the way for the health care professional. Following ethic issues will give us a comprehensive view of what it means and how it applies to the healthcare industry. Healthcare professionals follow ethics from how medical guidelines are set, how ethics can become legal issues, and ethical effects on patience. Setting of Guidelines The settings of guidelines differ from facility to facility, but the core values are the same. â€Å"Guidelines are usually produced at national or international levels by medical associations or governmental bodies, such as the US Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. Local healthcare providers may produce their own set of guidelines or adapt them from existing top-level guidelines.† (Guidelines & recommendations, n.d.) â€Å"Clinical practice guidelines are systematically developed statements to assist practitioner and patient decisions about appropriate health care for specific clinical circumstances.† (Institute of Medicine, 1990). Such documents have been in use for thousands of years during the entire history of medicine. (Wikipedia) Clinical protocol is a predefined written  procedural method in the design and implementation of experiments.† Protocols are written whenever it is desirable to standardize a laboratory method to ensure successful replication of results by others in the same laboratory or by other laboratories. Detailed protocols also facilitate the assessment of results through peer review. In addition to detailed procedures and lists of required equipment and instruments, protocols often include information on safety precautions, the calculation of results and reporting standards, including statistical analysis and rules for predefining and documenting excluded data to avoid bias.†(Wikipedia) All aspects of guidelines all have a form of ethics that follow. Ethics Groups There are many different ethics groups in healthcare. Ethics groups improve patient care and the health of the public by examining and promoting physician professionalism. The Ethics groups are organized into three parts: as stated by (AMA) Council on Ethical and Judicial Affairs (CEJA), which promotes adherence to the professional ethical standards set out in the Code through its judicial function, Ethics Resource Center, which provides students and physicians with the essential tools and skills to address ethical challenges in a changing health care environment, and the Institute for Ethics which is an academic research center uniquely situated in the nation’s largest professional association of physicians. All these different groups listed above, promote ethics in healthcare. Another ethic that effect patients is the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPPA). As stated by (AMA) â€Å"Created in 1996 (HIPPA) provides the ability to transfer and continue he alth insurance coverage for millions of American workers and their families when they change or lose their jobs; Reduces health care fraud and abuse; mandates industry-wide standards for health care information on electronic billing and other processes; and requires the protection and confidential handling of protected health information.† So many different parts of ethics that effect patients seem never-ending but all these things are set in place to help patients, but when do these ethics go too far? When do they become legal issues? Ethics codes and policies of facilities can turn wrong fast and one person’s view change others as things go awry and it becomes a legal issue. An example of  ethics becoming a legal issue is a Texas law that says life-sustaining treatment cannot be withdrawn from a pregnant patient, regardless of her end-of-life wishes. Recently there was a Texas woman who was brain dead and pregnant. She and her husband both paramedics, between each other, did not want to be kept alive by machines in this type of situation. The hospital applied the law cited above, but is this the correct type of ethics governing hospitals? Larry Thompson, a state’s attorney arguing on behalf of the hospital stated the hospital was trying to protect the rights of the fetus as it believed Texas law instructed it to do. (Urbanski, D. 2014) Keeping a dead body alive with a fetus that had slim to no chance at life, where do ethics come in? Are ethics more of a personal belief or opinion of some? Ethical Codes Ethics codes help standardize the quality of ethics in healthcare field. The Code of Medical Ethics made by the American Medical Association (AMA) which was founded in 1847 unanimously adopted the world’s first national code of professional ethics in medicine. Since that time it has been the authoritative ethics guide for practicing physicians. â€Å"The Code articulates the enduring values of medicine as a profession. As a statement of the values to which physicians commit themselves individually and collectively, the Code is a touchstone for medicine as a professional community. It defines medicine’s integrity and the source of the profession’s authority to self-regulate.† (AMA) This code has set the guidelines for the medical industry. The Hippocratic Oath also shows how guidelines are set in medicine. Hippocratic Oath is an oath historically taken by doctors and other healthcare professionals swearing to practice medicine honestly. There have been ethical guidelines in medicine a long time, the â€Å"Hippocratic oath was written in 5th century BC.† (Tyson, 2001) Such documents have been in use for thousands of years during the entire history of medicine. Each medical facility has their own ethical guidelines to follow and it plays an important role in healthcare and plays a role on patients. The last code is the National Association for Healthcare Quality (NAHQ). NAHQ’s (2011) Maintains active personal and professional development programs in the field of healthcare quality and exhibits a broad range of knowledge creates and supports an environment that fosters teamwork, emphasizes quality,  recognizes the customer, and promotes learning maintains a commitment to the improvement of the professional through participation in, and active support of, the local, state, and national professional organizations addresses concerns and takes formal actions to resolve or report the unethical or questionable practices to the appropriate channels. (Code of Ethics for Healthcare Quality Professionals, n.d.) Conclusion In summary, ethics have effects on how medical guidelines are set, how ethics can become legal issues, and ethical effects on patients. Every part of healthcare ethics plays an important role in the process. Decisions of facilities, providers, and patients are all impacted by ethics. Medical professionals must follow ethical guidelines and be aware of legal issues, and ethical effects on patience. The decisions made by healthcare professionals, be it physicians, nurses or medical staff, affect real people and may mean the difference between life and death. The health and welfare of patients, along with the very serious aspect of treatment facilitation, requires that ethical standards be followed every step of the way for the healthcare professional. References (AMA) Code of medical ethics. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://www.ama-assn.org/ama/pub/physician-resources/medical-ethics/code-medical-ethics.page American medical association (AMA)-Council on ethical and judicial affairs. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://www.ama-assn.org/ama/pub/about-ama/our-people/ama-councils/council-ethical-judicial-affairs.page (AMA) Ethics resource center. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://www.ama-assn.org/ama/pub/physician-resources/medical-ethics/about-ethics-group/ethics-resource-center.page (AMA) Health insurance portability and accountability act. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://www.ama-assn.org/ama/pub/physician-resources/solutions-managing-your-p ractice/coding-billing-insurance/hipaahealth-insurance-portability-accountability-act.page Guidelines & recommendations. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://www.ahrq.gov/professionals/clinicians-providers/guidelines-recommendations/index.html (NAHQ) Code of ethics and standards of practice for healthcare quality professionals. (p.3 n.d.). Retrieved from http://www.nahq.org/uploads/files/about/codestandards.pdf National institute of health -Clinical practice guidelines. (n.d.) as cited by (Institute for medicine, 1990) Retrieved from http://nccam.nih.gov/health/providers/clinicalpractice.html Protocol (natural sciences). (n.d.). Retrieved from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clinical_trial_protocol Tyson, P. (n.d.). The Hippocratic Oath today. Retrieved from http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/body/hippocratic-oath-today.html Urbanski, D. (2014, 01 26). Family: Pregnant and brain-dead Texas woman removed from life support.. Retrieved from http://www.theblaze.com/stories/2014/01/26/family-pregnant-and-brain-dead-texas-woman-removed-from-life-support/

Support Individuals To Live At Home

Outcome11. Outline the anatomy and physiology of the human body in relation to the importance of correct moving and positioning individuals:Our bodies have many muscles and bones, these working together help the human body move. Certain muscles with certain bones will work together to move the part of the body. When a muscle contracts it will pull the bones at the joint in the correct direction that it is designed to move. When mobility is reduced and muscles do not get exercise these muscles will be floppy and will make movement slower and more difficult. When moving people it is important not to over stretch the joint as this can cause pain and may also cause damage the joint. There are nerve fibres throughout the body and these send impulses to the muscles and this make the muscle contract or relax. Poor moving and handling techniques can damage these nerve fibres.2. Describe the impact of specific conditions on the correct movement and positioning of an individual: There are many conditions that can impact on movement and positioning of people. People with arthritis normally have stiff painful joints and are limited movement in certain areas. When moving or positioning a person it is important to take care doing this so there is reduced pain and discomfort. Some people may suffer from cerebral palsy, as a result of this, some of their muscles may be contracted or joints will be causing a fixed rigid limb. Anyone who is looking after someone who has cerebral palsy will need to ensure they use effective communication and be careful whilst moving and handling them.Outcome 21. Describe how legislation and agreed ways of working afeect working practicies related to moving and positioning individuals:Every time a care worker moves or supports the weight of a service user they are manually handling that person.Unsafe moving and handling techniques can result in injury to either the care worker or the person they are assisting  to move.To reduce the risk of injur y to the care workers and the people being supported legislations are put in place to protect people.The health and safety at work act 1974 makes it a legal requirement for employers to ensure that the health and safety and welfare of their employees is maintained and the employees have a duty to take reasonable care of the health,safety and welfare of themselves and others.Also we need to respect the individual and include them in their own care we must also follow our work settings policies and procedures and each individual will have there own care plan (agreed ways of working) which we must adhere to.We also need to make sure that our moving and handling training is up to date as this is also a required legislation and should be renewed on a yearly basis this helps us to make sure that we move and position residents correctly also it allows us to be informed of any new regulations that may be coming into affect and also refreshes us on how to use the equipment correctly ie hoist ,manga,rotunda etc.2. Describe what health and safety factors need to be taken into account when moving and positioning individuals and any equipment used to do this:Before we carry out any activity at work that involves moving and handling we must be trained, to carry out the moves and also to ensure we have sufficient knowledge of our own body to work. Safely moving and handling incidents occur as a result of lack of awareness, slippery floors, lack of preparation, faulty equipment, lack of co-operation from the individual, poorly trained and ill prepared staff Health and safety measures When I have to move the person then I should be careful and I must explain the person before assist them, what is going to happen and try as much as possible to keep away from lifting altogether, trying rather to roll, to slide or to turn the person.The use of simple and fairly inexpensive aids will eliminate the need lifting or heavy handling. Moving and handling has special rules: I need to make sure that I have enough space to move smoothly and freely. Move any obstructions for space to move, place my feet comfortably apart so that I have a firm base. Always stand as close as possible to the person to be moved, bend at the knees so that I can use the strong leg muscles, do not bend or twist at the waist. Try to maintain the  Ã¢â‚¬ËœS’ shape of My spine to help to reduce the strain on my backOutcome 31. Access up-to-date copies of risk assessment documentation: 2. Carry out preparatory checks using: 3.The individuals care plan 4.The moving and handling risk assessment 5. Describe what action should be taken if the individuals wishes conflict with their plan of care in relation to health and safety and their risk assessment:Outcome 51. Follow the care plan to ensure that individual is positioned: Using the agreed techniques In a way that will avoid causing undue pain or discomfort 6. Monitor the individual througout the activity so that the procedure can be stopped if there is any adverse reaction:Outcome 61. Describe when advice and/or assistance should be sought to move or handle an individual safely:2. Describe what sources of information are available about moving and positioning individuals: